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Investigations with seed treatments / resistance inducing agents withe efficacy against loose smut of wheat and barley (Ustilago nuda var. nuda and tritici) (Investigations with seed treatments / resistance inducing agents against loose smut of wheat and barley)
Project
Project code: 2802OE094
Contract period: 01.06.2002
- 31.12.2003
Budget: 44,358 Euro
Purpose of research: Applied research
Keywords: agronomy, screening, funga disease, loose smut of wheat and barley, seed treatment agents, resistance inducers, plant control
The aim of this project was to find alternative seed treatments with systemic fungicidal or resistance inducing efficacy against loose smut (Ustilago nuda). The effect of plant-strengthenening agents, resistance inducers, plant-extracts and microorganism as seed treatments was studied. In greenhouse experiments with the wheat variety Apogee an efficacy up to 60 % was observed with the plant extracts. Out of the group of plant-strengthening agents, EnviRepel had an efficacy of 41,9 % and the Pseudomonas-preparation ProRadix 69,7 %. Of the group of microbial antagonists, only one unidentified fungus and some isolates of Trichoderma showed up to 65 % efficacy. However, in repeated tests the results were not consistent. In a field experiment with spring barley, the plant extracts from Artimesia vulgaris, Heracleum sphondylium, Symphytum officinale and Datura stramonium showed only an efficacy of 30%, which is too low for practical use. Hence, the restriction to seed treatment seems not to be adequate. Additional treatments applied after germination should be taken into consideration. Another strategy could be to prevent floret infection by sprays applied around flowering stage. In addition, an early detection method based on immunological detection (ELISA) was further developed and standardised. Infected seed could be clearly distinguished from healthy seed. Moreover, the loose smut fungus could be detected already in young plants at growth stages EC 14 and EC 30, not only in the growing point but also in the nodes of both main and side shoots. However, based on ELISA measurement of 100 single grains and of the shoot bases and nodes of young plants a reasonably exact prediction of ear attack was not possible so far.
Section overview
Subjects
- Crop Protection
Framework programme
Federal Organic Farming Scheme and other forms of sustainable agriculture (BÖLN)
