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Plant material as possible infection source of Esca of grapevine: occurrence and epidemiology of the causal agent, Phaeomoniella chlamydospra, in the nursery

Project

Production processes

This project contributes to the research aim 'Production processes'. Which funding institutions are active for this aim? What are the sub-aims? Take a look:
Production processes


Project code: JKI-OW-08-1165
Contract period: 01.09.2013 - 31.08.2016
Purpose of research: Applied research

Worldwide, plant material as well as young plantations of grapevine may be infected by causal agents of the so-called Esca disease. This is related to severe economic losses still increasing in recent years. Both occurrence and biology of causal agents of Esca are not well known, especially within nurseries, and so efficient control of the disease is not possible at the moment. The proposal is thought to gain new information on occurrence, infection sources and epidemiology of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (Pch) in nurseries and in the field. Meanwhile, Pch has been demonstrated in plant material as well as in young plantations and vineyards worldwide. Results obtained in the proposed study are expected to have international impact; in addition, they will serve as a basis for accurate control measures. Worldwide, young vineyards and grapevine plant material may be affected by agents causing Esca, leading to considerable and increasing economic losses. Esca is a grapevine trunk disease and is being caused by several wood-inhabiting fungi. ln order to develop effective control strategies, the acquisition of information regarding occurrence, origins and paths of infection as weil as spreading behavior of Phaeomoniella ch/amydospora (Pch), the most important Esca pathogen in propagation material, is essential. This requires reliable and if possible quantitative methods for the detection of Pch in various media and substrates, such as grapevine wood, callusing medium and water. ln the running project, various methods for detection in i. a. wood, callusing medium and water were developed and evaluated so far. ln addition, over the year 2014 samples from different matrices were taken regularly at three different grapevine nurseries and tested for the presence of Pch. During the development and evaluation of various detection methods of Pch in different matrices, nested-PCR­ based measures using extracted genomic DNA from the various matrices as template have turned out to be the methods of choice. With respect to detection of Pch, the fungus could be found in all three grapevine nurseries involved in the project. Pch was detected in grapevine wood and hydration tanks as weil as in callusing medium and in the air. During the year 2014 a considerable increase in wood symptoms and in part an increase in the detection frequency of the athogen via nested-PCR could be observed.

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Subjects

Framework programme

BMEL Frameworkprogramme 2008

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