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Optimization of health and vitality of vine on salty soils by mycorrhizal fungi
Project
Project code: JKI-ÖPV-08-1328
Contract period: 01.05.2015
- 31.05.2017
Purpose of research: Basic research
In many soils phytotoxic pollutants such as sodium chloride and other chemical compounds occur as a result of environmental influences. This has an outstanding national importance both at arid soils and intensive agriculture. Some of these pollutants are bioavailable and can be taken up by organ-isms and plant. The bioavailability depend to a great extent on soil properties for example humus and clay content, the dissolved contaminant and the pH-value.Removing such contaminants by chemical or physical methods from soils is very cost- and labor-intensive. In addition, these methods often have very negative effects on soil quality. After conventional treatments (e.g. soil washing) soils often show only a low biological activity and it takes decades to a complete regeneration. According to current state of research, there are different approaches to increase the vitality of vegetation. The key role is played by soil microorganisms, which are capable of producing growth-promoting phytohormones, to decompose organic substances and to mobilize inorganic substances for the benefit of plants, due to their metabolic processes. The presented study is to allow the cultivation of crops on saline soils using mycorrhizal fungi. The aim of this research project is to enhance the growth, health and vigor of vines using selected mycorrhizal fungi on saline soils. In scientific trials, the importance of mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth and development, and the absorption behavior of nutrient and harmful elements will be examined in contaminated soils. With regard to the aspects mentioned the usage of biological methods of crop plant growing in saline soils using mycorrhiza fungi are investigated focused on the following question: Effect of bioavailable pollutants on soil microorganisms and plants. Does the selected mycorrhiza influences the growth of their host plant on salty soils considering abiotic stresses such as drought salt stress? Another aspect to be examined is the influence of the salt to the physiological reactions of the test plants. As indicators of plant defense responses and tolerance to salt and other pollutants, the activity of proline, malondialdehyde (MAD), chlorophyll (chlorophyll a and b) should be investigated. It will be clarified which secondary ingredients of plants are involved in tolerance to contaminants such as salt. Such techniques are superior to the conventional methods in ecological and economic terms and therefore have a large human-ecological benefit, particularly in regard of the food supply of the world's population.
Section overview
Subjects
- Crop Production
- Viticulture
- Soil science
Framework programme
Funding programme
Excutive institution
Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Products Protection (JKI-ÖPV)
