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Tomatoes for organic field farming. Breeding methodology and regional development of varieties
Project
Project code: 2808OE001
Contract period: 01.05.2008
- 28.02.2009
Budget: 36,461 Euro
Purpose of research: Basic research
Field farming tomato production in private and market gardens in Germany is severely restricted by late blight (Phytophthora infestans). The aim of the project is to introduce varieties suitable for organic outdoor tomato production. Methods for an organic breeding program are developed. In 2008 the best breeding lines of advanced crosses were evaluated in comparison with standard varieties in Central and Northern Germany. Results for yield, early maturity, harvest period and fruit quality were encouraging. The best breeding lines cover a range of 20-40 g fruit weight. Selected varieties of 'wild tomatoes', known for their vigour and fruit quality, were shown in demonstration plots. The correlation of field resistance against late blight with low fruit weight remains a restricting factor. Four crosses 'large fruits/low field resistence' x 'small fruits/high field resistence' were analysed in the F2-generation. Three crosses revealed a positive correlation of yield and fruit weight. In two crosses the correlation of fruit weight and fruit number was negative. The remaining crosses without negative correlation of fruit weight and fruit number might be useful to select for improved yield. Due to unusual weather conditions the correlation between Phytophthora infections and yield parameters could not be determined, but all crosses were scored for early blight (Alternaria solani). Pre-breeding material for relevant traits was selected. Future needs were discussed with breeders, market gardeners, market gardens selling young plants, seed companies and extension services. Major restrictions to the dissemination of organic varieties are i) the seed legislation, ii) too small breeding programs and iii) inappropriate marketing structures. Research approaches and results were presented and discussed during field days and at national and international meetings including the IFOAM world congress and second ISOFAR conference in Modena / Italy in June 2008.
Section overview
Subjects
- Plant Breeding
- Horticulture
- Vegetable Gardening
- Organic Farming
Framework programme
Federal Organic Farming Scheme and other forms of sustainable agriculture (BÖLN)
