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Imprint
Development of analytical multicomponent methods for the determination of dermal, oral and inhalative exposure towards plastic additives (e.g. phthalates) and NIAS in commodity goods.2015:Development of a multi-analyte method for the determination of phthalates in commodity goods. Inclusion of further additives such as stabilisers, catalysers, initiators and polymerisation aids.
Project
Project code: BfR-CPS-08-1322-514
Contract period: 01.05.2012
- 31.12.2017
Purpose of research: Basic research
Plasticizers are used in a variety of commodities. They consist of plastic (e.g. PVC), elastomers and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE). Therein phthalates are used in high amounts (up to 50 %) as plasticiser in plastics, especially in PVC. To achieve the desired properties further additives are added. In addition to plasticizers like phthalates further stabilizers, colorants, catalysts, polymerisation aids and initiators are used. Furthermore reaction products and degradation products so called NIAS (non-intentionally added substances) are to be expected in the materials which occur due to the different technological production processes. Those additives and NIAS are only bound to the polymer backbone via physical association. Therefore these substances can leave the polymer in an only physical controlled way (migration) and can be transferred onto food, skin and saliva. The aim of the research project is, to establish multi component methods for the determination of a broad range of the above mentioned additives. The transfer into humans shall be considered oral as well as dermal. Furthermore, inhalative exposure should be adressed, too. Since the end of the nineties phthalates are under suspicion to be toxic to human reproduction and are classified accordingly. The developing body of children is particularly vulnerable to reprotoxic substances. In order to reduce the exposure of children against phthalates the directive 2005/84/EC bans three critical phthalates (DEHP, DBP, BBP) at concentrations of greater than 0.1 % by mass of the plasticised material in toys and childcare articles. Three further phthalates (DINP, DIDP, DNOP) are restricted in toys and childcare articles if the article can be placed in the mouth by children. 2016: When it comes to manufacturing of consumer products, polymer material is commonly applied. It can be modified according to producer and consumer requirements through varying recipes of additivation. With respect to optimization of functionality and appearance, plasticizers, stabilizers, vulcanization- and processing aids can be added to the material. Particular utilized in large amounts, phthalates are utilized as plasticizers in PVC (polyvinyl chloride). Since some phthalates were identified as reprotoxic substances, alternative usage of substitute plasticizers increases. Beside additives with a defined function, contaminants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or primary aromatic amines (PAAs) can be part of the material. During manufacture and ageing, reaction products as well as degradation products of the polymer or of the additives can be formed. These might differ completely in physicochemical properties from the substances of origin and amount together with further impurities to the group of non-intentionally added substances (NIAS). Most of the additives are not covalently bound to the polymer. They might therefore migrate out of the material continuously and come into contact with the consumer. The aim of the project 1322-514 is to develop a multi method to characterize polymer material of consumer products. Analytes included in this method were chosen according to toxicological relevance as well as to frequency of usage in manufacture of consumer products. The described substance classes cover a broad range of polarity and differ in molecular weight distributions. To this end, different analytical techniques have to be applied and optimized to meet individual requirements. The project is aimed to creating an analytical method for a wide range of analytes. Beside quantification of components, their interaction with the human skin will be characterized. Thus, insights into potential dermal exposure will be gained.
Section overview
Subjects
- Toxicology
